بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته :

إذا ما كنت تلقى صعوبة فى فهم الأفعال الناقصة ففى الأيام المقبلة سوف يتم شرحها بشكل مبسط إن شاء الله تعالى :

ونبدأ اليوم بـ Can





Can






* تعبر عن القدرة : أى أن شخصا ما يستطيع أو لا يستطيع فعل شئ ما

انظر إلى الأمثلة التالية :

Ali can swim إن عليا يستطيع السباحة

Ahmed can't swim.إن أحمد لا يستطيع السباحة

* إمكانية حدوث الفعل:

Hamdy can't come next week.

* الإذن أو السماح:

You can take the car tomorrow.

Can I take your pen, please?

الماضى = could Ali could solve the problem

لا حظ الجملة التالية

Ali was able to solve the problem

إن كلمة able to تعنى قادر على ولكن الجملة تحمل المعنى التالى:

استطاع أن يحل المسألة ولكن بصعوبة



Could

* لعمل اقتراحات وعرض وطلب وإذن

We could play football

Could I get you a glass of water?هل يمكن أن أجلب لك كوب ماء ؟

Could I go for a walk with my friends, please?

هل يمكننى أن أتمشى مع أصحابى من فضلك ؟

* تعبر عن إمكانية حدوث الشئ فى المستقبل :

It could rain tomorrow.

Could have +3 كان من الممكن فعل الشئ ولكن لم نفعله


I didn't get out . if I had got out, I could have met Ali.

Couldn't have +3 تعبر عن استحالة حدوث الفعل

Yesterday was a holiday. He couldn't have gone to school.

أسئلة هامة واستفسارات :

1. ما الفرق بين CAN ، COULD عندما تستخدمان فى المضارع أو المستقبل ؟

الإجابة

CAN=COULD إذا استخدمتا للطلب :

Can you give me a pen? = Could you give me a pen ?

2. إذا استخدمت could فى الماضى فلها 3 وجوه أو حالات:could , could have +p.p,
couldn't have +p.p فما الفرق بين كل منها ؟

الإجابة

Could+تعنى استطاع : التصريف الأول

Yesterday he could play well.

Could have +p.pتعنى أنه كان بالإمكان فعل شئ ولكنه لم يتم

When I went to the club, I could have played with my friends but I preferred to watch them.

Couldn't have +p.p = كان من المستحيل فعل ذلك الأمر

Because his leg was broken, he couldn't have played the match. This was impossible.

Choose:

1. Omar has the ability to use the computer. He (can – could – should - must) use it.
2. Morad is at school. He (can – dare – must – can't) come here.
3. I want to see my friend. (Should – ought – Can – May) you let me go?
4. Yesterday Ali (was – could – should – must) travel alone.
5. Esraa had difficulty in understanding the lecture but she (was able to – could – could have) get the message.
6. Ali didn't visit his friend although he (should – could have – might have – must have) visited him.
7. Yaseen was here the day before. He (should have – might have – couldn't have –mustn't) gone to Alexandria.